Nootropics

Picamilon

April 27, 2012

What is Picamilon? Picamilon (also known as Pycamilon and Pikamilon) is a proprietary name for N-nicotinyl-γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Structurally, it is a combination of niacin and GABA. Niacin is also known as vitamin B3 and is an essential vitamin. It is naturally present in meat, cereal, peanuts, and other legumes. GABA is the primary inhibitor [...]

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Nicergoline

April 20, 2012

What is Nicergoline? Nicergoline ([(8b)-10-methoxy-1,6-dimethylergolin-8-yl]methyl 5-bromopyridine-3-carboxylate, also known by the trade names Sermion, Nicerbium, and Cholergol) is a chemical derivative of ergot and is similar to hydergine. It has been used as a prescription drug for over four decades to treat cognitive, behavioral, and affective disorders that are the result of vascular dementia, cerebral thrombosis, [...]

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Galantamine

April 17, 2012

What is Galantamine? Galantamine (marketed as Lycoremine, Nivalin, Razdyne, and Reminyl) is an alkaloid originally derived from a number of plant sources (Galanthus woronowii, Narcissus, Leucojum, and Lycoris), most notably snow drops (a flower in the Amaryllis family). Now that the chemical structure is well known, it can also be produced in a lab. Virtually [...]

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Huperzine A – Does it Boost Brain Power?

April 12, 2012

What is Huperzine A? Huperzine A (HupA) was first isolated from Huperzia serrata (Thunb) Trev., a Chinese club moss, in the early 1980s. This plant has been used as a Traditonal Chinese Medicine compound for treating contusions, strains, swelling, and even schizophrenia. The HupA sold today is a highly extracted and purified version of the [...]

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Rasagiline

April 11, 2012

What is Rasagiline? Rasagiline (1H-Inden-1-amine, 2, 3-dihydro-N-2-propynyl-, (1R)-, methanesulfonate, also known as rasagiline mesylate, AGN 1135, and TVP-1012) is a second-generation irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is derived from the propargylamine class of compounds (see selegiline) and was developed by Teva Pharmaceuticals, which sells it under the brand name Azilect. As it is a [...]

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CDP-choline

April 6, 2012

What is CDP-choline? Cytidine diphosphate-choline (CDP-choline, also known as citicoline (INN) and cytidine 5’diphosphocoline) is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway by which dietary choline is synthesized into phosphatidylcholine. Originally developed as a stroke treatment in Japan, it is considered to be a nootropic that may also have psychostimulant properties via its effects on neurotransmitter [...]

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Vinpocetine

March 27, 2012

What is Vinpocetine? Vinpocetine is a semisynthetic derivative alkaloid of vincamine that was first developed in the 1960s. Whereas vincamine is directly extracted from the periwinkle plant (Vinca minor), vinpocetine is a man-made compound that is designed to resemble it. The chemical name of vinpocetine is ethyl apovincaminate, but it is sold under several brand [...]

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Vincamine

March 23, 2012

What is Vincamine? Unlike the racetams, or the somewhat related compound vinpocetine, vincamine is a naturally derived product. More specifically, it is an indole alkaloid that is purified from the leaves of the periwinkle plant (Vinca minor or Vinca roseus). Periwinkle leaves and seeds have been used in teas and tinctures to treat various ailments [...]

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Sunifiram

March 19, 2012

What is Sunifiram? Sunifiram (DM-235) is an ampakine drug that has the primary effect of modifying AMPA (2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2- oxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid) receptor activity. It is a structural derivative of piracetam, but is 4 orders of magnitude more potent (i.e., 1000 times more powerful than oxiracetam, nefiracetam, or aniracetam). Sunifiram and a related compound (unifiram or DM-232) [...]

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Hydergine

March 17, 2012

What is Hydergine? Hydergine (sold by Sandoz Pharmaceuticals) is the trademarked name of a mixture of ergoloid mesylates that was originally discovered in 1950 by Albert Hofmann, who also discovered and developed lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Both LSD and hydergine are derived from ergot, a type of fungus that grows on rye. Hydergine is a [...]

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